keep fit(保持健康)— I go jogging every day to keep fit.
我每天慢跑来保持健康。
keep learning(不断学习)— We should keep learning new things at all ages.
无论多大年纪都要不断学习新事物。
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A:I'm finding it hard to keep up with all the reading for this course.
我发现很难跟上这门课所有的阅读内容。
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B:Just keep trying. Maybe keep a reading diary to track your progress — it really helps.
继续坚持。也许可以记一个读书日记来追踪你的进度——真的很有帮助。
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A:Sometimes I get stressed. How do you keep calm before exams?
有时候我会很紧张。你考试前是怎么保持冷静的?
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B:I try to keep smiling and think positive. That way I can keep my spirits up.
我会尽量保持微笑,积极思考。这样我能保持好的心情。
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hold:持有、举行与控制
hold 的语义比 keep 更“具体”,常带有物理上持有/支撑的感觉,指人与事物之间真实的抓握、托举或掌控。但它的用法不只局限于物理世界,还广泛用于召开会议/组织活动和控制、抑制情绪或局势等抽象含义。日常交流、学术或职场中,hold 的搭配非常高频,且有不少是写作和口语考试拔高表达能力的“加分项”。
hold 的搭配
举行/组织类:(与“have”、“host”等词的表达互有差异)
hold a meeting(举行会议)— We hold a team meeting every Friday morning.
我们每周五早上都会开一个团队会议。
hold a conference(举办会议/大会)— The university held an international conference last month.
这所大学上个月举办了一场国际会议。
hold an election(举行选举)— The country held its first democratic election in 2015.
这个国家在2015年举行了第一次民主选举。
hold a ceremony(举行仪式/典礼)— They held a small ceremony to mark the occasion.
他们举行了一个小型仪式来纪念这个时刻。
hold a competition/exhibition(举办比赛/展览)— Our school will hold an art exhibition next week.
我们学校下周将举办一次艺术展。
hold talks/negotiations(举行会谈/谈判)— The two countries will hold talks next month.
两国将于下月举行会谈。
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身体/物理类:
hold your breath(屏住呼吸)— She held her breath as she waited for the results.
她在等待结果时屏住了呼吸。
hold hands(牵手)— The couple walked along the beach holding hands.
那对情侣手牵手走在海滩上。
hold the door(扶住门/为人开门)— Could you hold the door for me, please?
你能帮我扶一下门吗?
hold a baby/cup/book(抱住婴儿/握杯子/拿书)— He held the baby gently in his arms.
他轻轻地抱着婴儿。
hold a position(保持姿势/体位)— Please hold this position for a few seconds.
请保持这个姿势几秒钟。
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控制/保持类:
hold on(等一下;坚持下去)— Hold on — I'll be back in five minutes.
稍等一下——我五分钟后就回来。
hold back(抑制;阻止)— She held back her tears during the farewell speech.
她在告别演讲时强忍住了眼泪。
hold in(忍住(脾气、感情等))— Try to hold in your anger.
尽量压抑住你的愤怒。
hold off(推迟;阻挡)— They decided to hold off the announcement until next week.
他们决定推迟到下周再公布消息。
hold the record(保持记录)— She holds the world record for the 100m sprint.
她保持着100米短跑的世界纪录。
hold someone responsible/accountable(使某人承担责任)— If anything goes wrong, I'll hold you responsible.
如果出了什么问题,我会让你负责。
hold a position(担任职位/持有立场)— He has held the same position for ten years.
他在同一个岗位上工作了十年。
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固定短语:
hold true(依然适用/有效)— The rule still holds true today.
这条规则至今依然适用。
hold the line(别挂电话/坚持立场)— Please hold the line while I transfer your call.
请稍等我帮您转接电话。
hold sway over(支配;影响)— She holds great sway over her followers.
她对追随者有极大影响力。
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用法小贴士:
hold a meeting 与 have a meeting 的微妙差异:两者都正确,但 hold a meeting 更正式、庄重且多用于书面语、官方场合,强调“举办/组织”的动作;have a meeting 则偏日常、口语化。例如:
The committee held a formal meeting.(委员会召开了一次正式会议)
We're having a quick meeting after lunch.(我们午饭后开个简短的会)
high/low 多用来修饰表示数量、程度、级别、状态的名词。high 表示“高的、高度的”,low 则是“低的、低度的”。这种搭配也是中国学生最容易误用成 big/small 或 other 形容词的地方。除了常见示例,还建议背熟常考的口语表达。
高频搭配 (High)
释义
低频搭配 (Low)
释义
high price
高价格
low price
低价格
high quality
高质量
low quality
低质量
high standard
高标准
low standard
低标准
high risk
高风险
low risk
低风险
high temperature
高温度
low temperature
低温度
high demand
高需求
low demand
低需求
high expectations
高期望
low self-esteem
低自尊/自信不足
high income
高收入
low income
低收入
high speed
高速
low speed
低速
high level
高水平
low level
低水平
high probability
高概率
low probability
低概率
high efficiency
高效率
low profile
低调
注意:有些搭配只有 high 或者只有 low,不能简单替换。例如 low profile 是“低调的”意思,而没有 high profile 这种说法等同于“高调的人”,应该用别的表达。
deep 与 close 的搭配
deep 表示“深度”,在搭配中常用于描述程度深的体验或理解;close 表示“近/密切”,搭配对象通常与关系或注意力有关:
deep 搭配: deep breath(深呼吸)/ deep sleep(深度睡眠)/ deep understanding(深刻理解)/ deep feeling(深厚的感情)/ deep sorrow(深切的悲痛)/ deep voice(低沉的声音)
close 搭配: close friend(亲密的朋友)/ close relationship(密切的关系)/ close attention(密切关注)/ close examination(仔细检查)/ close competition(激烈的竞争)/ close call(千钧一发的情况)
形容词搭配易错警告:
❌ big price → ✓ high price(高价)
❌ strong rain → ✓ heavy rain(大雨)
❌ heavy coffee → ✓ strong coffee(浓咖啡)
❌ large mistake → ✓ big/serious mistake(大错误)
❌ heavy relationship → ✓ close relationship(密切关系)
练习题
第一题(选择题)
知识点:keep 的搭配——“保持状态”类
下列哪个句子中 keep 的搭配是正确的?
A. She kept the surprise a secret until the birthday party.
B. I try to keep a eye on my expenses every month.
C. He always keeps up to his promises, which is why people trust him.
D. Please keep your voice low — the baby is keep sleeping.
答案是 A。“keep a secret”(保守秘密)是标准固定搭配,完全正确。B 错误:“keep an eye on”(注意/留意)中应用“an”而不是“a”;C 错误:“keep his promises”(信守承诺)不说“keep up to”,而是直接“keep promises”或“keep your word”;D 错误:第二个 keep 应该是“keeps sleeping”(保持睡着的状态)。