学术写作关键词:conduct research(开展研究)、analyze data(分析数据)、draw a conclusion(得出结论)、cite a source(引用来源)、put forward a hypothesis(提出假设)。此外,paraphrase(改述)和summarize(总结)也是写论文过程中需要特别掌握的技能。熟悉formulate a hypothesis(构建假设)、interpret results(阐释结果)、provide references(提供参考文献)等动词短语,有助于提升学术表达的多样性和准确性。
常见场景表达
You are required to submit your assignment by next Monday.(你需要在下周一前提交作业。)
The experiment aims to test the validity of the hypothesis.(该实验旨在检验假设的有效性。)
Students are encouraged to participate in group discussions and present their findings.(鼓励学生参与小组讨论并展示发现。)
Make sure to provide evidence to support your argument in the essay.(请确保在论文中用证据支持你的论点。)
Plagiarism is strictly prohibited in academic writing.(学术写作严禁抄袭。)
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学习环境与资格
学习环境与“资格”场景表达
He was awarded a full scholarship for his outstanding academic performance.(他因出色的学业表现获得了全额奖学金。)
The university admits students based on both academic transcripts and interview performance.(大学根据成绩单和面试表现录取学生。)
Enrolling in extracurricular activities helps develop soft skills.(参加课外活动有助于软技能的发展。)
Applicants must provide proof of their English language proficiency.(申请者必须提供英语能力证明。)
She completed a summer internship at a multinational corporation.(她在一家跨国公司完成了暑期实习。)
A:With rising inflation and slowing economic growth, many startups are struggling to attract investment. The interest rates are also making it expensive to take out loans.
随着通货膨胀上升和经济增长放缓,许多初创企业难以吸引投资。高利率也让贷款变得更加昂贵。
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B:True. But companies with strong revenue streams and manageable debt tend to survive recessions better. The key is maintaining a healthy cash flow and cutting unnecessary costs.
China's GDP per capita has increased steadily over the past decade. 过去十年中国的人均GDP稳步上升。
High inflation often leads to increased living expenses. 高通胀通常导致生活开支增加。
The export market is crucial to many developing economies. 出口市场对许多发展中国家至关重要。
He set a strict budget to save for a house deposit. 他设定了严格的预算来为购房首付存钱。
The company improved profits by reducing production costs. 公司通过降低生产成本提高了利润。
After graduating, she had to pay off her student loan. 毕业后,她必须偿还助学贷款。
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练习题
第一题(选择题)
知识点:学术词汇——conduct / submit / draw 的搭配
下列哪个搭配是正确的学术用语?
A. make research on this topic
B. conduct an experiment to test the hypothesis
C. do a conclusion from the data
D. submit researches before the deadline
答案是 B。“conduct an experiment”(开展实验)是标准学术用语,与“test the hypothesis”(检验假设)搭配也完全正确。A 错误:应为“conduct research”或“do research”,不是“make research”;C 错误:应为“draw a conclusion”(得出结论),不用“do”;D 错误:“research”不可数,不加复数,且应为“submit research”,但更自然的是“submit the research report/paper”。
知识点:个人财务词汇——budget / income / expense / savings 的关系
以下哪个句子使用了最准确的个人财务词汇?
A. She decided to income more money by taking a part-time job.
B. They managed to expense less than they earned every month.
C. After years of careful budgeting, they built up substantial savings.
D. His monthly loan is about 30% of his total income, which is manageable.
答案是 C。“careful budgeting”(谨慎预算)和“build up savings”(积累储蓄)都是正确搭配,句子完全地道。A 错误:“income”通常不作动词使用,正确说法是“earn more money”;B 错误:“expense”通常不作动词使用,正确说法是“spend less”或“keep expenses below their income”;D 有问题:“monthly loan”不是标准表达,应为“monthly loan repayment”(每月还款额)。
第四题(情景问答)
知识点:教育词汇的综合运用
请用英文写一段关于“你为什么想申请奖学金”的陈述(3-4句话),必须使用以下词汇:scholarship / academic / conduct research / qualification / internship
参考陈述:I am applying for this scholarship because I am passionate about academic excellence and want to pursue advanced studies in environmental science. With financial support, I will be able to conduct independent research on sustainable development and contribute meaningful findings to the field. This scholarship would also allow me to take on an internship with a leading environmental organization, which would strengthen my practical qualifications. I believe that investing in education is the most powerful way to make a lasting difference in the world.
The central bank raised interest rates by 0.5% last Tuesday in an effort to control inflation. Analysts warn that this may slow economic growth and make it harder for startups to attract investment or take out loans. Consumer spending is expected to drop, which could further reduce company revenues and profit margins.
请用中文回答:
央行为什么提高利率?
这个决定可能带来哪些负面影响?
(1)央行提高利率的目的是:控制通货膨胀(to control inflation)。提高利率可以减少市场上的资金流通,从而抑制物价上涨。
(2)可能带来的负面影响包括:
经济增长放缓(slow economic growth);
初创企业更难吸引投资(startups harder to attract investment);
贷款成本上升,企业和个人更难借款(harder to take out loans);
消费者支出减少(consumer spending expected to drop);
公司营收和利润率下降(reduce company revenues and profit margins)。